What term describes an abnormal pattern of breathing that includes episodes of apnea?

The term that describes an abnormal pattern of breathing that includes episodes of apnea is Cheyne-Stokes respiration. This specific breathing pattern is characterized by a cyclical fluctuation in the rate and depth of breathing. It typically starts with a gradual increase in depth and rate of breathing, followed by a decrease, which culminates in a period of apnea (a temporary cessation of breathing). This pattern often occurs in patients with certain medical conditions, notably in heart failure, brain injuries, or in response to an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the blood.

Understanding Cheyne-Stokes respiration is important because it signifies underlying pathology, often indicating a severe clinical condition that requires further evaluation and management. This condition illustrates how breathing patterns can reflect respiratory and neurological functions, providing critical insights into a patient’s health status.